ManoeuvresFree in the app
Assisted vaginal breech manoeuvres
Hands off the breech until scapulae are visible.
Source: RCOG GTG 20b · NHS GGCHold only the bony pelvis (not abdomen). Keep the back anterior. No traction.
Manoeuvre
| Pinard | Extended legs: press popliteal fossa to flex knee, abduct thigh, sweep leg out. |
|---|---|
| Lovset | Extended arms: hold pelvis, rotate trunk 180° keeping back up so posterior shoulder comes anterior; sweep arm down; rotate back for the other. |
| Nuchal arm | Rotate body in the direction the fetal hand points, then sweep down. |
| Mauriceau–Smellie–Veit | Baby astride forearm, fingers on maxillae; other hand on occiput & shoulders flexes head; assistant gives suprapubic pressure. |
| Burns–Marshall | Let baby hang until nape seen; grasp ankles; sweep trunk up in a wide arc over mother’s abdomen. |
| Bracht | Hold thighs against fetal abdomen; rotate body up toward mother’s abdomen without traction. |
| Forceps (Piper’s) | To the after-coming head — applied from below with body held up. |
| Head entrapment | MSV + suprapubic pressure, McRoberts, tocolysis, lateral cervical (Dührssen) incisions if not fully dilated, symphysiotomy. |
A summary for trained clinicians. Always check the full guideline, the patient in front of you and your hospital's protocol. Spotted an error? Tell us.