Major proceduresFree in the app
Classical caesarean section
Vertical upper-segment incision when the lower segment can’t be used.
Source: Standard operative textsIndications
- Very preterm (<28 wk) with a poorly formed lower segment
- Dense adhesions, large lower-segment fibroid or cervical cancer
- Anterior praevia / accreta covering the lower segment
- Transverse lie, back down, membranes ruptured
- Perimortem caesarean
Higher scar rupture risk in later pregnancy — future births by planned CS before labour (around 36–37 weeks).
A summary for trained clinicians. Always check the full guideline, the patient in front of you and your hospital's protocol. Spotted an error? Tell us.